ECTS - University of Pisa
| Modules | Area | Type | Hours | Teacher(s) | |
| PHYSICS | FIS/01 | LEZIONI | 76 |
|
The student who successfully completes the class will be able to use basic physical laws, theoretical models describing physical phenomena, processes occurring in matter.
The acquisition of knowledge will be assessed during the theoretical activities.
The student will be able to use mathematical apparatus to describe physical processes, evaluate and compare various physical phenomena.
The acquisition of skills will be assessed during the practical activities.
The class will provide the student the ability to apply knowledge of mathematics to the Earth sciences and Natural Science for solving standard professional problems.
The ability to search, critically analyze and synthesize information.
The ability, in the context of professional activity, to use knowledge about basic concepts, objects of study and methods Geosciences and Natural Science.
The acquisition of behaviors will be assessed during the lab activities.
The student is requested to know high school physics and mathematics courses, and mastering the Mathematical Analysis course during university studies
Electric charges and patterns of their interaction. Electrostatic field and its power characteristics. Electric field strength flow. Gauss-Ostrogradsky's theorem in integral and differential form and its consequences.
Work and energy of the electrostatic field. Potential and its relationship with the strength of the electrostatic field. Basic equations of electrostatics.
Dielectrics in an electric field. Polarization of dielectrics, dielectric constant. Electric induction vector. Gauss-Ostrogradsky theorem for dielectrics. Ferroelectricity. Conductors in an electric field. Capacity. Capacitors. Electric field energy in a capacitor.
Direct electric current. Ohm's law in differential form. Electromotive force. Ohm's law for a complete circuit. Conductor resistance.
Superconductivity. Joule-Lenz law in differential and integral form. Kirchhoff's rules.
Magnetic field of direct currents. Magnetic induction. Bio-Savart_Laplace's law. Theorems on magnetic flux and magnetic field circulation. Magnetic induction of direct and circular current, long solenoid. Ampere's law. Lorentz force.
Substance in a magnetic field. Magnetization. Magnetic susceptibility and permeability. Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, ferromagnetism. Curie temperature. Domains.
Electromagnetic induction. Faraday's law. Lenz's rule. Self-induction. Inductance of a long solenoid. Magnetic field energy. Mutual induction. Transformation of currents and voltages.
Alternating electric current. Ohm's law for alternating current circuits with ohmic resistance, capacitance and inductance. AC power.
Electromagnetic vibrations. Differential equation of natural electromagnetic oscillations in a circuit. Damped oscillations. Contour quality factor. Forced vibrations. Resonance of voltages and currents.
Electromagnetic field. Basic provisions of Maxwell's theory. Vortex electric field. Bias current. Maxwell's equations in integral form. Electromagnetic waves and their properties. Electromagnetic wave scale. Optics, atomic structure, some concepts of quantum mechanics
Physical nature of light. Emission and absorption of light. Spectra. Fundamentals of spectral analysis. Equilibrium radiation. Absolutely black body. Planck's formula. Induced emission. The principle of laser operation.
Interference of light. Coherence. Optical path difference. Distribution of light intensity in the interference field. Interference in thin plates. Interferometers.
Diffraction of light. Huygens-Fresnel principle. Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction. Diffraction grating. Diffraction spectra and spectrographs. X-ray diffraction in crystals. Wulff-Bragg formula.
Polarization of light. Malus's law. Brewster's Law. Birefringence in biaxial crystals. Rotation of the plane of polarization. Normal and anomalous dispersion of light. Scattering of light. External photoeffect. "Red border" of the photoelectric effect.
Structure of the atom. Rutherford's experiments. Planetary model of the atom. Bohr's postulates. Features of the movement of quantum particles. De Broglie's hypothesis. Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Quantum numbers. Pauli's principle.
There will be one midterm and final exam at the end of the semester.
