This course aims at providing some basic tools for measuring, analysing and interpreting some of the main economic aggregates and phenomena. The various methods of analysis are presented according to a critical approach by pointing out their advantages and limitations with respect to other possible alternatives. The course is divided into four parts; the first one deals with basic elements of the national accounting; the second one is dedicated to the measurement of well-being and sustainable development; the third part focuses on price indices that are used for measuring inflation and for comparing economic aggregates over time and space; finally, the fourth part deals with the main concepts and measures that refer to the labour market.