Common molecular and cellular mechanisms in neurodegeneration. Physiology and pathology of amyloid precursor protein and of microtubule associated protein tau. Physiology of the cholinergic system and Alzheimer's disease and Down Syndrome. Physiology of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway and Parkinson disease. Physiology and pathology of the huntingtin and fmr proteins in Huntington and Fragile X syndrome. Physiology and pathology of MeCP2 in Rett Syndrome. Neuroinflammation and pathophysiology of myelination in Multiple Sclerosis. Pathophysiology of chronic pain. Molecular and neurodevelppmental basis of neuropsychiatric disorders