Main industrial and ore minerals and their uses and economic importance. Rare and "critical" metals. Ore-forming geologic processes in the magmatic, magmatic-hydrothermal, hydrothermal, sedimentary, supergenic environments. Factors making a deposit "economic". Main types of ore and industrial minerals deposits. Principles of mineral exploration and mineral recovery. Techniques for the study of ore minerals, with particular attention to the petrography of opaque minerals.