ECTS - University of Pisa
Scheda programma d'esame
HYGIENE
GAETANO PIERPAOLO PRIVITERA
Academic year2020/21
CourseMEDICINE AND SURGERY
Code021FF
Credits6
PeriodSemester 2
LanguageItalian

ModulesAreaTypeHoursTeacher(s)
IGIENE E SANITÀ PUBBLICAMED/42LEZIONI75
ANGELO BAGGIANI unimap
GAETANO PIERPAOLO PRIVITERA unimap
Learning outcomes
Knowledge

Hygiene: definition and objectives
Definition of Hygiene.
Health and disease concepts, global health principles.
Health promotion and health education.
Epidemiological methodology
Demographic parameters of health interest and health indicators
Frequency measurements: proportions, ratios, rates; prevalence and incidence.
Causality: etiological agents, risk factors and association measures.
Epidemiological studies: descriptive, analytical and experimental studies.
Systematic reviews and meta-analyzes.
Sources of data and the epidemiological investigation.
Accuracy, precision and errors.
Preventive medicine and prevention levels
Definition, collective prevention and predictive medicine.
Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.
Epidemiology and prophylaxis of infectious diseases.
Host - parasite relationships, sources and reservoirs of infection, pathways of penetration and pathogens release , transmission ways.
Notification, default measures, diagnostic assessment of infectious diseases.
Sterilization, disinfection and antisepsis, disinfestation.
Passive immunoprophylaxis, chemoprophylaxis, vaccinoprophylaxis; types of vaccines, vaccination policies and calendars.
Prophylaxis relating to the international traveler and elements of travel medicine.
Epidemiology and prevention of the main communicable diseases (airborne, orofecal, parenteral and sexual); zoonoses, vector-borne diseases.
Epidemiology and prevention of the main chronic-degenerative pathologies
Cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, stroke.
Tumors.
Diabetes, chronic bronchopneumopathies and neurodegenerative diseases.
Hygiene of the social environment
Population aging.
Risk factors, epidemiology and prevention of domestic accidents and road accidents.
Epidemiology and prevention of alcoholism, smoking and drug addiction.
Environmental hygiene
Air and air pollution: air quality, pollutants and effects on human health.
Confined spaces: microclimate, indoor pollution, noise, vibrations.
Water: requirements, supply, sources of pollution, drinking criteria, correction of unfavorable characters. Wastewater: disposal and purification methods.
Solid waste: definition and regulation, production, removal and disposal.
Hygiene of food and nutrition
Food safety: chemical, microbiological and food hazards.
Foods as a vehicle for pathogens: infections, toxins, intoxications.
Remediation methods, conservation methods, microbiological and chemical - physical control methods.
Quantitative and qualitative needs of the diet and guidelines for healthy eating.
Health economics
Economic science as a tool to facilitate healthcare planning choices: effectiveness, efficiency and equity.
Approach to the economic study of health phenomena: need, supply and demand.
Economic evaluations in healthcare
Healthcare organization
Health systems: ethical principles, organizational models and functions.
International, community and national health organization.
The organization of the Health System in Italy.
National and regional competences, national and regional health plans.
Funding of the National Health System and essential levels of assistance.
Hospital and territorial care organization.
Health planning and planning, the health professions.
Assistance centered on the patient's needs and for intensity levels.
Paths of care, continuity of care and socio-health integration.
Quality assessment in the NHS: accreditation and certification; the service card.
Patient safety and clinical risk management.
Health planning
Institutional methods and levels of health planning.
Company operating mechanisms: planning, management systems; company information systems.
Clinical governance, Health Technology Assessment and Health Impact Assessment.
Management and leadership in healthcare.
Health communication: relationships, functions and tools.
Assessment criteria of knowledge

The knowledge will be verified through the exam.

For the purposes of assigning the final mark, expressed in thirtieths, the commission will evaluate the following aspects:

     ability of the student to establish connections between the topics covered in different chapters of the program
     autonomy in the identification of errors and their correction
     ability to independently use their knowledge and understanding of the teaching content to face an in-depth discussion on critical aspects related to the topics covered
     knowing how to present their conclusions clearly and logically.
Syllabus

Hygiene: definition and objectives
Definition of Hygiene.
Health and disease concepts, global health principles.
Health promotion and health education.
Epidemiological methodology
Demographic parameters of health interest and health indicators
Frequency measurements: proportions, ratios, rates; prevalence and incidence.
Causality: etiological agents, risk factors and association measures.
Epidemiological studies: descriptive, analytical and experimental studies.
Systematic reviews and meta-analyzes.
Sources of data and the epidemiological investigation.
Accuracy, precision and errors.
Preventive medicine and prevention levels
Definition, collective prevention and predictive medicine.
Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.
Epidemiology and prophylaxis of infectious diseases.
Host - parasite relationships, sources and reservoirs of infection, pathways of penetration and pathogens release , transmission ways.
Notification, default measures, diagnostic assessment of infectious diseases.
Sterilization, disinfection and antisepsis, disinfestation.
Passive immunoprophylaxis, chemoprophylaxis, vaccinoprophylaxis; types of vaccines, vaccination policies and calendars.
Prophylaxis relating to the international traveler and elements of travel medicine.
Epidemiology and prevention of the main communicable diseases (airborne, orofecal, parenteral and sexual); zoonoses, vector-borne diseases.
Epidemiology and prevention of the main chronic-degenerative pathologies
Cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, stroke.
Tumors.
Diabetes, chronic bronchopneumopathies and neurodegenerative diseases.
Hygiene of the social environment
Population aging.
Risk factors, epidemiology and prevention of domestic accidents and road accidents.
Epidemiology and prevention of alcoholism, smoking and drug addiction.
Environmental hygiene
Air and air pollution: air quality, pollutants and effects on human health.
Confined spaces: microclimate, indoor pollution, noise, vibrations.
Water: requirements, supply, sources of pollution, drinking criteria, correction of unfavorable characters. Wastewater: disposal and purification methods.
Solid waste: definition and regulation, production, removal and disposal.
Hygiene of food and nutrition
Food safety: chemical, microbiological and food hazards.
Foods as a vehicle for pathogens: infections, toxins, intoxications.
Remediation methods, conservation methods, microbiological and chemical - physical control methods.
Quantitative and qualitative needs of the diet and guidelines for healthy eating.
Health economics
Economic science as a tool to facilitate healthcare planning choices: effectiveness, efficiency and equity.
Approach to the economic study of health phenomena: need, supply and demand.
Economic evaluations in healthcare
Healthcare organization
Health systems: ethical principles, organizational models and functions.
International, community and national health organization.
The organization of the Health System in Italy.
National and regional competences, national and regional health plans.
Funding of the National Health System and essential levels of assistance.
Hospital and territorial care organization.
Health planning and planning, the health professions.
Assistance centered on the patient's needs and for intensity levels.
Paths of care, continuity of care and socio-health integration.
Quality assessment in the NHS: accreditation and certification; the service card.
Patient safety and clinical risk management.
Health planning
Institutional methods and levels of health planning.
Company operating mechanisms: planning, management systems; company information systems.
Clinical governance, Health Technology Assessment and Health Impact Assessment.
Management and leadership in healthcare.
Health communication: relationships, functions and tools.
Bibliography

Signorelli C:"Elementi di Metodologia Epidemiologica" VII edizione 2009, Società Editrice Universo. 

Ricciardi W e al. :"Igiene, Medicina Preventiva, Sanità Pubblica" II edizione, 2013, Idelson Gnocchi.

Vitale F. Zagra M:"Igiene, epidemiologia e organizzazione sanitaria orientate per problemi", 2012 Elsevier.
Assessment methods

VERIFICATION OF LEARNING

Written exam aimed at verifying the exhaustiveness of the preparation through closed-ended questions and the ability to report analytically on specific topics through open-ended questions.
Updated: 27/01/2021 10:30