ECTS - University of Pisa
Al termine del corso lo studente avrà acquisito approfondita conoscenza dei quadri anatomopatologici mascroscopici e microscopici delle principali patologie umane e delle relative correlazioni anatomo-cliniche.
The student who succesfully complete the course:
- will know the molecular mechanims of diseases
- will be able to give a rational interpretation of the etiology and pathogenesis of diseases
- will be able to explain the morphological (macroscopic/microscopic) characteristics of diseases
- will be able to correlate the morpho-molecular data with clinical signs and symptoms.
Le conoscenze verranno verificate attraverso la prova d'esame.
Ai fini dell'attribuzione del voto finale, espresso in trentesimi, la commissione valuterà i seguenti aspetti:
The student must be able to:
- demonstrate his/her knowledge of the morpho-molecular basis of diseases
- discuss the etiological and pathogenetical aspects of diseases
- discuss the clinical-pathological correlations of diseases
- demonstrate to have a critical and rational approach to understanding of diseases.
Delivery: face to face
Learning activities:
Attendance: Mandatory
Teaching methods:
UNIVERSITA’ di PISA
CORSO di LAUREA SPECIALISTICA in MEDICINA e CHIRURGIA
Corso di Anatomia Patologica, A-K
PROGRAMMA PARTE I
Per ogni argomento: a) definizione, b) epidemiologia, c) fattori di rischio, d) eziologia, e) patogenesi, f) precursori, g) quadro macroscopico, h) quadro microscopico, i) rapporti con la clinica, j) stadiazione e prognosi.
Cuore
Mixoma
Tumori secondari
Sistema linfatico
Neoplasie delle cellule B periferiche:
- leucemia linfatica cronica/linfoma a piccoli linfociti
- leucemia a cellule capellute
- linfoma follicolare
- linfoma a grandi cellule B diffuso
- linfoma di Burkitt
- linfoma mantellare
- linfoma marginale
- linfoma MALT
Neoplasie delle cellule T e NK, periferiche:
- linfoma delle cellule T periferiche (NAS)
- linfoma anaplastico a grandi cellule (ALK positivo)
- micosi fungoide/sindrome di Sézary
- linfoma extranodale a cellule NK
Linfoma di Hodgkin
Neoplasie linfoplasmacellulari
Timoma
Polmone e pleura
Neoplasie non a piccole cellule (NSCLC-non small cell lung cancer)
Tumore a piccole cellule (SCLC- small cell lung cancer); neoplasie neuroendocrine e lesioni preinvasive neuroendocrine
Neoplasie della pleura
Cavità orale e orofaringe
Leucoplachia, eritroplachia
Carcinoma a cellule squamose
Naso, seni paranasali, nasofaringe
Papilloma naso-sinusale
Carcinomi nasosinusali
Neuroblastoma olfattorio
Carcinoma nasofaringeo
Laringe
Papilloma e papillomatosi a cellule squamose
Carcinoma
Collo
Cisti
Paraganglioma
Ghiandole salivari
Adenoma pleomorfo
Tumore di Warthin (cistadenoma papillare linfomatoso)
Carcinoma muco-epidermoide
Carcinoma adenoideo-cistico
Carcinoma a cellule aciniche
Carcinoma duttale
Esofago
Esofago di Barrett
Adenocarcinoma
Carcinoma a cellule squamose
Stomaco
Polipi
Adenoma
Adenocarcinoma
Linfoma gastrico
Neoplasie neuroendocrine e lesioni preinvasive neuroendocrine
Tumore stromale gastrointestinale (GIST-gastrointestinal stromal tumor)
Intestino
Polipi
Adenocarcinoma colorettale (sporadico; ereditario; sindromi associate)
Carcinoma del canale anale
Neoplasie dell’appendice
Fegato, vie biliari, colecisti
Iperplasia nodulare focale
Iperplasia nodulare rigenerativa
Adenoma epatico
Nodulo displastico
Carcinoma epatocellulare
Colangiocarcinoma
Epatoblastoma
Tumori secondari
Carcinoma della colecisti e dotti biliari
Pancreas esocrino
Neoplasie cistiche
Adenocarcinoma e lesioni preneoplastiche/preinvasive
Rene
Tumori benigni
Carcinoma renale (sporadico; ereditario; sindromi associate)
Nefroblastoma (tumore di Wilms)
Vie escretrici
Neoplasie uroteliali e lesioni preneoplastiche/preinvasive
Carcinoma uroteliale invasivo
Adenocarcinoma
Pene
Condiloma acuminato
Carcinoma a cellule squamose
Testicolo
Tumori a cellule germinali (seminomatosi; non seminomatosi; misti)
Tumori dello stroma e dei cordoni sessuali
Prostata
Carcinoma e lesioni preneoplastiche/preinvasive
Utero
Carcinoma della cervice uterina e lesioni preinvasive
Polipi e iperplasia dell’endometrio
Carcinoma dell’endometrio
Tumori maligni misti mulleriani
Tumori dello stroma endometriale
Tumori del miometrio (leiomioma e leiomiosarcoma)
Ovaie
Tumori dell’epitelio di superficie
Tumori delle cellule germinali
Tumori dello stroma e dei cordoni sessuali
Tumori secondari
Patologia del trofoblasto
Mola idatiforme
Mola invasiva
Coriocarcinoma
Tumori trofoblastici del sito placentare
Mammella
Malattia fibrocistica: non proliferativa; proliferativa (senza atipie; con atipie)
Lesioni papillari
Carcinoma duttale in situ
Carcinoma lobulare in situ
Carcinoma invasivo (di tipo non speciale/NST; di tipo speciale)
Fattori prognostici e predittivi di risposta terapeutica
Classificazione molecolare
Tumori stromali (tumori bifasici; sarcomi)
Tumori ereditari
Mammella maschile (carcinoma; ginecomastia)
Sistema endocrino
Ipofisi (adenomi ipofisari; tumori ipotalamici soprasellari)
Tiroide (adenomi; carcinomi; tumori neuroendocrini)
Paratiroide (iperplasia; adenoma; carcinoma)
Surrene (tumori della corticale del surrene; feocromocitoma; neuroblastoma)
Tumori del pancreas endocrino
Neoplasie endocrine multiple (MEN 1; MEN 2)
GEP-NET - tumori neuroendocrini del tratto gastro-entero-pancreatico (stomaco; duodeno-digiuno prossimale; digiuno distale-ileo-cieco; colon retto; pancreas)
Cute
Epidermide:
- tumori benigni (cheratosi seborroica, cherato-acantoma, polipo fibroepiteliale, cisti)
- tumori maligni (carcinoma a cellule squamose e suoi precursori; carcinoma a cellule basali; carcinoma a cellule neuroendocrine)
Lesioni melanocitarie (lentigo, nevi melanocitici, melanoma)
Tumori mesenchimali: dermatofibroma; dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans; tumori vascolari
Tumori degli annessi
Tessuti molli
Tumori adipocitici (lipoma, liposarcoma)
Tumori fibroblastici/miofibroblastici (fascite nodulare, miosite ossificante; fibromatosi; fibrosarcoma)
Tumori delle guaine nervose (neurinoma; neurofibroma; tumore maligno delle guaine nervose)
Tumori rabdomuscolari (rabdomioma; rabdomiosarcoma)
Tumori leiomuscolari (leiomioma; leiomiosarcoma)
Altre neoplasie (sarcoma sinoviale)
Osso
Tumori formanti osso (osteoma; osteoma osteoide; osteosarcoma)
Tumori formanti cartilagine (osteocondroma; condroma; condrosarcoma; condroblastoma)
Tessuto fibroso e fibro-osseo (difetti fibrosi della corticale; displasia fibrosa; fibrosarcoma)
Sarcoma di Ewing – tumore primitivo neuroectodermico
Tumore a cellule giganti
Cisti aneurismatica
Tumori secondari
Occhio
Melanoma uveale
Retinoblastoma
Sindromi paraneoplastiche
PROGRAMMA PARTE II
Per ogni argomento: a) definizione, b) epidemiologia, c) fattori di rischio, d) eziologia, e) patogenesi, f) quadro macroscopico, g) quadro microscopico, h) rapporti con la clinica, i) prognosi.
Sistema nervoso centrale
Ernie cerebrali
Edema cerebrale
Idrocefalo
Lesioni vascolari traumatiche
Malattie cerebrovascolari (encefalopatia ischemica; infarto cerebrale; emorragia intraparenchimale; emorragia subaracnoidea; malformazioni artero-venose; emangioma cavernoso; ipertensione cerebro-vascolare)
Infezioni batteriche e virali e micotiche
Ascesso cerebrale
Malattie demielinizzanti (sclerosi multipla)
Malattie degenerative (malattia di Parkinson; malattia di Alzheimer; malattia di Pick; malattie da prioni; SLA)
Neoplasie del SNC (Generalità e classificazione; malattie neuroepiteliali; papilloma dei plessi coroidei; medulloblastoma; meningiomi; tumori metastatici)
Sistema nervoso periferico (tumori e sindromi associate: schwannoma; neurofibromatosi)
Vasi
Arteriosclerosi
Aneurismi e dissecazione aortica
Vasculiti
Cuore
Cardiopatia ischemica
Cardiopatie valvolari/endocarditi
Miocardiopatie
Miocarditi
Pericarditi
Polmone
Atelectasia
Sindrome da distress respiratorio dell’adulto e del neonato
Edema polmonare
Embolia Polmonare
Infarto Polmonare
Emorragia polmonare
Malattia polmonare cronica ostruttiva
Pneumoconiosi
Fibrosi polmonare Idiopatica
Polmoniti (batteriche; virali; da micoplasmi; micotiche; polmonite nel paziente immunocompromesso)
Sarcoidosi
Tubercolosi (Generalità e patogenesi; Tubercolosi primaria; Tubercolosi secondaria; Tubercolosi disseminata e tubercolosi d’organo)
Versamenti patologici
Tratto gastroenterico
Esofagiti
Ulcere gastriche
Gastriti (acuta; cronica) e Gastroenteriti
Enterocoliti
Malattie intestinali congenite (diverticolo di Meckel; megacolon agangliare congenito)
Malattia ischemica intestinale
Sindromi da malassorbimento (Morbo Celiaco)
Malattia infiammatoria intestinale idiopatica
Malattia diverticolare del colon
Fegato e vie biliari
Lesioni elementari epatiche
Malattie metaboliche
Epatiti
Epatopatia alcolica
Steatosi
Cirrosi
Malattie delle vie biliari intraepatiche
Colecistite e colelitiasi
Pancreas
Pancreatite acuta
Pancreatite cronica
Rene
La biopsia renale
Sindromi cliniche associate alle nefropatie
Malattie glomerulari (glomerulonefriti acute proliferative; glomerulonefrite rapidamente progressiva; glomerulopatia membranosa; malattia a lesioni minime; glomerulosclerosi focale e segmentale; glomerulonefrite membrano-proliferativa; nefropatia da IgA; porpora di Schonlein-Henoch; glomerulonefrite cronica)
Insufficienza renale cronica
Necrosi tubulare acuta
Pielonefriti e urolitiasi
Malattie cistiche del rene
Vescica
Cistite acuta
Cistite cronica
Prostata
Prostatite acuta
Prostatite cronica
Iperplasia nodulare
Tiroide
Tiroiditi infettive (tiroidite acuta; tiroidite subacuta linfocitaria e granulomatosa)
Tiroiditi autoimmuni (tiroidite di Hashimoto; morbo di Graves)
Linfonodi
Linfoadeniti aspecifiche
Linfoadeniti specifiche non granulomatose
Linfoadeniti specifiche granulomatose
Utero
Endometriosi
Endometriti
Cute
Dermatiti infettive (verruca volgare; mollusco contagioso; micosi)
Dermatiti non infettive (orticaria; eczema; psoriasi; lichen; da contatto)
Malattie bollose infiammatorie (pemfigo; pemfigoide; dermatite erpetiforme)
Malattie bollose non infiammatorie (epidermolisi bollosa)
Alopecia
Panniculiti
Cavo orale e ghiandole salivari
Sialoadeniti
Ossa
Osteomielite
Malattie metaboliche dell’osso (osteogenesi imperfecta, osteoporosi, osteomalacia, rachitismo, iperparatiroidismo, malattia di Paget)
Articolazioni
Artriti
Artrosi
Necrosi avascolare subarticolare
Malattie sistemiche
Amiloidosi
Emocromatosi
Lupus eritematoso sistemico
Diabete mellito
University of Pisa
MASTER DEGREE in MEDICINA e CHIRURGIA
Pathological Anatomy Course, A-K
PROGRAM PART I
For each topic: a) definition, b) epidemiology, c) risk factors, d) etiology, e) pathogenesis, f) precursors, g) macroscopic picture, h) microscopic picture, i) clinical features, j) staging and prognosis.
The heart
Myxoma
Secondary tumors
The lymphatic system
Peripheral B-cell neoplasms:
- chronic lymphocytic leukemia / small lymphocyte lymphoma
- hairy cell leukemia
- follicular lymphoma
- diffuse large B cell lymphoma
- Burkitt’s lymphoma
- mantle cell lymphoma
- marginal lymphoma
- MALT lymphoma
T and NK cell neoplasms, peripheral:
- peripheral T-cell lymphoma (NAS)
- anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK positive)
- mycosis fungoides / Sézary syndrome
- extranodal NK cell lymphoma
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Lymphoplasmacellular neoplasms
Thymoma
The lung and pleura
Non-small cell neoplasms (NSCLC-non small cell lung cancer)
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC); neuroendocrine neoplasms and preinvasive neuroendocrine lesions
Neoplasms of the pleura
The oral cavity and oropharynx
Leukoplakia, erythroplakia
Squamous cell carcinoma
The nose, sinuses, nasopharynx
Sinonasal papilloma
Sinonasal carcinomas
Olfactory neuroblastoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
The larynx
Papilloma and squamous cell papillomatosis
Carcinoma
The neck
Cysts
Paraganglioma
The salivary glands
Pleomorphic adenoma
Warthin's tumor (papillary lymphomatous cystadenoma)
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Adenoid-cystic carcinoma
Acinic cell carcinoma
Ductal carcinoma
The esophagus
Barrett's esophagus
Adenocarcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
The stomach
Polyps
Adenoma
Adenocarcinoma
Gastric lymphoma
Neuroendocrine neoplasms and preinvasive neuroendocrine lesions
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)
The intestine
Polyps
Colorectal adenocarcinoma (sporadic; hereditary; associated syndromes)
Carcinoma of the anal canal
Appendix neoplasms
The liver, biliary tract and gallbladder
Focal nodular hyperplasia
Regenerative nodular hyperplasia
Hepatic adenoma
Dysplastic nodule
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Cholangiocarcinoma
Hepatoblastoma
Secondary tumors
Carcinoma of the gallbladder and bile ducts
The exocrine pancreas
Cystic neoplasms
Adenocarcinoma and preneoplastic / preinvasive lesions
The kidney
Benign tumors
Renal cell carcinoma (sporadic; hereditary; associated syndromes)
Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor)
The urinary tract
Urothelial neoplasms and preneoplastic / preinvasive lesions
Invasive urothelial carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
The penis
Acuminate condyloma
Squamous cell carcinoma
The testicle
Germ cell tumors (seminomatous; nonseminomatous; mixed)
Tumors of the stroma and sexual cords
The prostate
Carcinoma and preneoplastic / preinvasive lesions
The uterus
Cervical cancer and preinvasive lesions
Polyps and hyperplasia of the endometrium
Endometrial carcinoma
Mullerian mixed malignant tumors
Endometrial stroma tumors
Tumors of the myometrium (leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma)
The ovaries
Surface epithelial tumors
Germ cell tumors
Tumors of the stroma and sexual cords
Secondary tumors
Pathology of the trophoblast
Hydatiform mole
Invasive mole
Choriocarcinoma
Trophoblastic tumors of the placental site
The Breast
Fibrocystic disease: non-proliferative; proliferative (without atypia; with atypia)
Papillary lesions
Ductal carcinoma in situ
Lobular carcinoma in situ
Invasive carcinoma (non-special type / NST; special types)
Prognostic and predictive factors of therapeutic response
Molecular classification
Stromal tumors (biphasic tumors; sarcomas)
Hereditary tumors
The male breast (carcinoma; gynecomastia)
The endocrine system
The pituitary gland (pituitary adenomas; suprasellar hypothalamic tumors)
The thyroid (adenomas; carcinomas; neuroendocrine tumors)
The parathyroid gland (hyperplasia; adenoma; carcinoma)
The adrenal gland (adrenal cortex tumors; pheochromocytoma; neuroblastoma)
Endocrine pancreatic tumors
Multiple endocrine neoplasms (MEN 1; MEN 2)
GEP-NET - neuroendocrine tumors of the gastro-entero-pancreatic tract (stomach; duodenum-proximal jejunum; distal-ileum-blind jejunum; colorectal; pancreas)
The skin
Epidermis:
- benign tumors (seborrheic keratosis, keratoacanthoma, fibroepithelial polyp, cysts)
- malignant tumors (squamous cell carcinoma and its precursors; basal cell carcinoma; neuroendocrine cell carcinoma)
Melanocytic lesions (lentigo, melanocytic nevi, melanoma)
Mesenchymal tumors: dermatofibroma; dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans; vascular tumors
Tumors of the appendages
Soft tissues
Adipocytic tumors (lipoma, liposarcoma)
Fibroblastic / myofibroblastic tumors (nodular fasciitis, ossifying myositis; fibromatosis; fibrosarcoma)
Nerve sheath tumors (neuroma; neurofibroma; malignant nerve sheath tumor)
Rhabdomuscular tumors (rhabdomyoma; rhabdomyosarcoma)
Leiomuscular tumors (leiomyoma; leiomyosarcoma)
Other neoplasms (synovial sarcoma)
The bone
Bone-forming tumors (osteoma; osteoid osteoma; osteosarcoma)
Cartilage-forming tumors (osteochondroma; chondroma; chondrosarcoma; chondroblastoma)
Fibrous and fibrous bone tissue (fibrous cortical defects; fibrous dysplasia; fibrosarcoma)
Ewing's sarcoma - primary neuroectodermal tumor
Giant cell tumor
Aneurysmal cyst
Secondary tumors
The eye
Uveal melanoma
Retinoblastoma
Paraneoplastic syndromes
PROGRAM PART II
For each topic: a) definition, b) epidemiology, c) risk factors, d) etiology, e) pathogenesis, f) macroscopic picture, g) microscopic picture, h) clinical features, i) prognosis.
Central nervous system
Brain hernias
Cerebral edema
Hydrocephalus
Traumatic vascular injuries
Cerebrovascular diseases (ischemic encephalopathy; cerebral infarction; intraparenchymal haemorrhage; subarachnoid haemorrhage; arteriovenous malformations; cavernous hemangioma; cerebro-vascular hypertension)
Bacterial, viral and fungal infections
Brain abscess
Demyelinating diseases (multiple sclerosis)
Degenerative diseases (Parkinson's disease; Alzheimer's disease; Pick's disease; prion diseases; ALS)
CNS neoplasms (general and classification; neuroepithelial tumors; papilloma of the choroid plexus; medulloblastoma; meningiomas; metastatic tumors)
Peripheral nervous system (tumors and associated syndromes: schwannoma; neurofibromatosis)
Blood vessels
Arteriosclerosis
Aneurysms and aortic dissection
Vasculitis
The heart
Ischemic heart disease
Valvular heart disease / endocarditis
Myocardiopathies
Myocarditis
Pericarditis
The lung
Atelectasis
Respiratory distress syndrome in adults and newborns
Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary infarction
Pulmonary haemorrhage
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Pneumoconiosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Pneumonia (bacterial; viral; mycoplasma; mycotic; pneumonia in the immunocompromised patient)
Sarcoidosis
Tuberculosis (General and pathogenesis; Primary tuberculosis; Secondary tuberculosis; Disseminated tuberculosis and organ tuberculosis)
Pathological effusions
Gastrointestinal tract
Esophagitis
Gastric ulcers
Gastritis (acute; chronic) and gastroenteritis
Enterocolitis
Congenital intestinal diseases (Meckel's diverticulum; congenital aganglionic megacolon)
Intestinal ischemic disease
Malabsorption Syndromes (Celiac Disease)
Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease
Diverticular disease of the colon
Liver and biliary tract
Elementary hepatic lesions
Metabolic diseases
Hepatitis
Alcoholic liver disease
Steatosis
Cirrhosis
Diseases of the intrahepatic biliary tract
Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis
The pancreas
Acute pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis
The kidney
Renal biopsy
Clinical syndromes associated with nephropathies
Glomerular diseases (acute proliferative glomerulonephritis; rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis; membranous glomerulopathy; minimal change disease; focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis; membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis; IgA nephropathy; Schonlein-Henoch purpura; chronic glomerulonephritis)
Chronic renal failure
Acute tubular necrosis
Pyelonephritis and urolithiasis
Cystic Diseases of the kidney
The bladder
Acute cystitis
Chronic cystitis
The prostate
Acute prostatitis
Chronic prostatitis
Nodular hyperplasia
The thyroid
Infectious thyroiditis (acute thyroiditis; subacute lymphocytic and granulomatous thyroiditis)
Autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis; Graves' disease)
Lymph nodes
Nonspecific lymphadenitis
Specific non-granulomatous lymphadenitis
Specific granulomatous lymphadenitis
The uterus
Endometriosis
Endometritis
The skin
Infectious dermatitis (verruca vulgaris; contagious molluscum; mycosis)
Non-infectious dermatitis (urticaria; eczema; psoriasis; lichen; contact dermatitis)
Inflammatory bullous diseases (pemphigus; pemphigoid; dermatitis herpetiformis)
Non-inflammatory bullous diseases (epidermolysis bullosa)
Alopecia
Panniculitis
Oral cavity and salivary glands
Sialoadenitis
The bone
Osteomyelitis
Metabolic bone diseases (osteogenesis imperfecta, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, rickets, hyperparathyroidism, Paget's disease)
Joints
Arthritis
Arthrosis
Subarticular avascular necrosis
Systemic diseases
Amyloidosis
Hemochromatosis
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Diabetes mellitus
PROGRAMMA DELLA PRIMA PARTE: lo studente viene valutato sulla base di due domande riguardanti l'anatomia patologica delle neoplasie in cui si richiede la conoscenza su epidemiologia, fattori di rischio, eziologia, patogenesi compresi meccanismi molecolari, classificazione e quadri morfologici, e prognosi. Durante la prova orale lo studente deve dimostrare capacità logiche, di inquadramento delle malattie e correlazioni con i quadri clinici e morfologici.
PROGRAMMA DELLA SECONDA PARTE: lo studente viene valutato sulla base di due domande riguardanti l'anatomia patologica delle malattie infiammatorie, degenerative, metaboliche, malformative, vascolari e traumatiche. Durante la prova orale lo studente deve dimostrare capacità logiche, di inquadramento delle malattie e correlazioni con i quadri clinici e morfologici.
FIRST PART PROGRAM: the student is assessed on the basis of two questions concerning the pathological anatomy of neoplasms in which knowledge on epidemiology, risk factors, etiology, pathogenesis including molecular mechanisms, classification and morphological pictures, and prognosis is required. During the oral test, the student must demonstrate logical skills, of framing diseases and correlations with clinical and morphological pictures.
SECOND PART PROGRAM: the student is assessed on the basis of two questions concerning the pathological anatomy of inflammatory, degenerative, metabolic, malformative, vascular and traumatic diseases. During the oral test, the student must demonstrate logical skills, of framing diseases and correlations with clinical and morphological pictures.
RICEVIMENTO STUDENTI
I docenti ricevono su appuntamento preso via e-mail o per telefono.
