Le basi fisiche dei sistemi di imaging radiologico e di medicina nucleare, Informatica, Sistemi informativi
The physical bases of radiological imaging and nuclear medicine systems, Computer science, Information systems
Esame orale
Oral Exam
Al termine del corso lo studente avrà una conoscenza dei principi fisici, dei materiali e del funzionamento deisistemi di imaging radiologico e di medicina nucleare oltre alla conoscenza dell'informatica di base e dei sistemi RIS e PACS, con capacità di estrazione ed elaborazione dei dati
At the end of the course the student will have a knowledge of the physical principles, materials and functioning of the radiological imaging and nuclear medicine systems as well as the knowledge of basic computer science and of the RIS and PACS systems, with data extraction and processing capacity .
Descrizione dei sistemi di imaging; esercizi di estrazione ed elaborazione dei dati, soluzione di problemi su progettazione reti.
Description of imaging systems; data extraction and processing exercises, problem solving on network design.
Attenzione alla sicurezza del paziente
Attention to patient safety
Domande specifiche all'esame orale
Fisica della radiazione, fisica di base, Matematica scolastiche
Radiation physics, basic physics, basic mathematics
Frequenza a lezione, appunti, approfondimento personale
FISICA:
INFORMATICA RIS/PACS
Richiami di informatica di base, architettura di un calcolatore, hardware e software.
Le reti di telecomunicazione, protocolli, funzionamento, il web.
Il foglio di calcolo elettronico, le principali istruzioni, i filtri.
Sistemi di Archiviazione. Database e DBMS. Il modello relazionale e i tipi di relazione. Linguaggio SQL.
Sicurezza e Protezione dei dati. Protezione degli Accessi, Sicurezza in rete, Firewall, Crittografia. Firma digitale. Certificati digitali. Protocolli web sicuri.
Sistemi informativi ospedalieri, sistemi informativi dipartimentali. HIS, caratteristiche e funzioni. RIS, caratteristiche e funzioni. PACS, caratteristiche e funzioni. Amministrazione di un PACS. Integrazione HIS/RIS/PACS. Nuove frontiere: PACS cloud.
DICOM. Caratteristiche generali e struttura dello standard. IOD, IOM, Service Class, SOP Class. Ruoli SCP e SCU. Struttura dei file DICOM. Report strutturato. Compatibilità DICOM.
HL7. Caratteristiche generali dello standard. Messaggi HL7. Evoluzione dello standard. HL7 v3. HL7 e XML.
RIM, CDA IHE. Caratteristiche dell'iniziativa IHE. Missione IHE. Profili di integrazione. Technical framework. Domini. Connectathon. IHE integration statement.
Il RIS e il PACS di Area Vasta
Sistemi per il monitoraggio della dose radiante (Syncrodose, Dosewatch, Certegra)
PHYSICS:
Introduction to biomedical imaging.
Basic concepts of image quality: contrast and spatial resolution. The X-ray tube: Physical principles of operation and its components.
Factors that influence the production of X-rays. The concepts of quantity, quality and exposure of an X-ray beam. Effective size of the focal spot and its variation in the plane of the image. Anodic effect (Heel). Filtering. Peculiarities of the mammography tube: filtering with anode in Molybdenum and Rhodium.
The geometric principles of projective radiology. The reinforcement screens, materials and construction features. The radiographic film and the concept of optical density, H&D curve
The compromise between dose and contrast in radiology. The role of diffuse radiation in projective radiology and the relative contrast reduction. The anti-diffusion grids: the physical principles and characteristics, the grid ratio and the Bucky factor. Digital radiology. Physical characteristics of CR systems and related construction technologies (photostimulable phosphors and laser reading systems). The CCDs.
Indirect conversion TFT-flat panel systems. Direct conversion digital radiological systems. The physical principles of image intensifiers, The components of image intensifiers, Fluoroscopy.
Computerized axial tomography: physical principles and technology. The synogram and notes on the filtered rear projection. Nuclear medicine imaging equipment: Scintillation detectors, the photomultiplier
The camera range and the collimators with parallel and pinhole holes. Principles of operation of the SPECT.
COMPUTER RIS / PACS
Basic knowledge of computer science, architecture of a computer, hardware and software.
Telecommunication networks, protocols, operation, the web.
The electronic spreadsheet, the main instructions, the filters.
Storage systems. Database and DBMS. The relational model and types of relationship. SQL language.
Security and Data Protection. Access Protection, Network Security, Firewall, Encryption. Digital signature. Digital certificates. Secure web protocols.
Hospital information systems, departmental information systems. HIS, features and functions. RIS, features and functions. PACS, features and functions. Administration of a PACS. HIS / RIS / PACS integration. New frontiers: PACS cloud.
DICOM. General characteristics and structure of the standard. IOD, IOM, Service Class, SOP Class. SCP and SCU roles. Structure of DICOM files. Structured report. DICOM compatibility.
HL7. General characteristics of the standard. HL7 messages. Evolution of the standard. HL7 v3. HL7 and XML.
RIM, CDA IHE. Characteristics of the IHE initiative. IHE mission. Integration profiles. Technical framework. Domini. Connectathon. IHE integration statement.
The RIS and PACS of Area Vasta
Radiant dose monitoring systems (Syncrodose, Dosewatch, Certegra)
Disponibile nel portale e-learning
BUSHBERG, The essential physics of Medical Imaging 2nd edition.
Available in the e-learning portal
BUSHBERG, The essential physics of Medical Imaging 2nd edition.
Consultare il portale e-learning
Colloquio orale
Oral exam
Consultare il portale e-learning